cholla

asubaseball727:In the WindowsApplicationDatamozillaFirefoxprofiles8k21s65t.default bookmark backups .At least this is the location in my os.There are bookmark backups for Firefox if yours are still there.If you still need to do a clean install copy & paste the backup folder in your TEMP folder so the uninstall doesn't remove it .Then you can use it to replace the bookmarks in the new install. To do a clean uninstall of Firefox you need to use the uninstall in your Program files for Mozilla Firefox.Even then it leaves a file in your Application data.Under Mozilla(at least it did in mine). Then you need to DL & save the newest Firefox its always good to have the installer in case you need to reinstall the same version If you have the older version installer then after the clean uninstall reinstall with it.Then uninstall it if it is not the most recent version.This will get the best uninstall. To get your bookmarks back if you use IE too & your favorites has the same "bookmarks" as your Firefox the new install will import these.

litig8; Too bad you didn't get a written contract.Like most people don't.Oral contracts can so easily be called a misunderstanding by a big company Verizon.Then you're pretty much stuck.I would still be insistant on getting my phone service ASAP like in 1 day If its's their mistake they should do everything in their power to get you as close to like you were as posible With some kind of internet connection.Paying a crew overtime at their expense if necessary.Go as high in management at Verizon as you can get with your complaint because the higher you get the less likely it will just be covered up & you lose.The higher you go the more it costs Verizon in time of higher paid employees & this is what gets their attention.I will say I have never got higher with a complaint than some kind of "vice president" or was told this is who I was talking too. Back to a written contract if you had one with specific performace in it then you could contract to have the work done with someone else & sue Verizon for the cost.

This might be what you want to do.Looks like the one you found is no longer available. I haven't tested this but I guess you do a search to find your UserChrome.css This is where it is in my Windows ME: WindowsApplication DataMozillaFirefoxProfiles8k21s65t.defaultchrome UserChrome.css You may find a UserChrome-example.css file this is not the correct one.If UserChrome.css is not there create one. You can do this by R. clickNewText Document copy & paste then change the extension from.txt to .css renaming it UserChrome.css Enable multiple rows of your current Bookmarks Toolbar: To have the Bookmarks Toolbar display many rows, add the following to your UserChrome.css /* Multi-row bookmarks toolbar */ #bookmarks-ptf {display:block} #bookmarks-ptf toolbarseparator {display:inline}

brock01 ;I went to the site that was in your Imageshack link.It looks like he removed the tool bar because of complaints.This was a 3rd party toolbar.I haven't looked for another one.If anyone wants to check the link here it is. http://users.blueprintit.co.uk/~dave/web/firefox/multiptf/index.html

Marcin541 : Simply this is your Level 1 processor cache L1 L2 is the level 2 processor cache . If both are settable this is done in your computers BIOS outside of your Windows OS. On mine when L1 is enabled L2 is enabled at the same time.

HI ROM-DOS :Do all or part of these work if system restore is disabled? peepnklown: Thanks pretty detailed MS articles on repairing registry .

I'm not an expert on this I found this on the web & put it together.I changed mine to 80 it was 92. The IP Type of Service has the following fields: Bits 0-2: Precedence. Bit 3: 0 = Normal Delay, 1 = Low Delay. Bits 4: 0 = Normal Throughput, 1 = High Throughput. Bits 5: 0 = Normal Relibility, 1 = High Relibility. Bit 6-7: Reserved for Future Use. Bit #0-2: [128 64 32] Bit #3: [16] Bit #4: [8] Bit #5: [4] Bit #6-7: [Reserved] Bits 0,1,2 = Priority Control: 111 - Network Control use 128 + 64 + 32 = 224 110 - Internetwork Control 128 +64 + 0 = 192 101 - CRITIC/ECP 128 + 0 + 32 = 160 100 - Flash Override 128 + 0 + 0 = 128 011 - Flash 0 + 64 + 32 = 96 010 - Immediate 0 + 64 + 0 = 64 001 - Priority 0 + 0 + 32 = 32 000 - Routine 0 + 0 + 0= 0 Bit #0-2: [128 64 32] If I understand this 128 is on for bit 0;64 is on for bit 1,32 is on for bit 2. Bit #3: [16] 16= on; 0 = off Bit #4: [8] 8=on; 0 = off Bit #5: [4] 4=on; 0 = off Bit #6-7: [Reserved] Both of these have 0 for value. From what I read on this You can only have either low delay on or High Throughput on not both.If you set both I think your OS uses the default.Quote below: "The TOS value is used to indicate "better". Only one TOS value or property can be requested in any one IP datagram. Generally, protocols which are involved in direct interaction with a human should select low delay, while data transfers which may involve large blocks of data are need high throughput. Finally, high reliability is most important for datagram-based Internet management functions. Application protocols not included in these tables should be able to make appropriate choice of low delay (8 decimal, 1000 binary) or high throughput (4 decimal, 0100 binary)." "Reading RCF 1349, it states you have 5 choices in TOS. 0000 (all normal) Use default metric 1000 (minimize delay) Use delay metric 0100 (maximize throughput) Use default metric 0010 (maximize reliability) Use reliability metric 0001 (minimize monetary cost) Use cost metric other Use default metric" "Anything higher then 010, Immediate, are ment for internal network use. Meaning packets that are not ment to route to the internet." So for most I beleive one of these two would be correct: 72 which is Immediate, High Throughput, 010 010 00 That's64forImmediate+8forHighThroughput 80 which is Immediate, Low Delay, 010 100 00

dman58 : Since you have sold on Ebay & I guess removed an item.Do you still have to pay Ebay something when you do that? If you do that probably explains why they don't mind sellers doing this.They are not so easy on buyers that withdraw a bid. tommie gorman : My brother also had an item not come but he had paid with Paypal & just denied the charge someway either through Paypal or his credit card that backed the Paypal account.I don't remember exactly never had the problem myself. The bogus poster was the worst thing although it looks excelent.A few things haven't ben in as "good" of condition as represented But were acceptable.For the most part the items have been good & I will continue to buy on Ebay.

I have Windows ME & the scanreg /restore at the command prompt gives me a choice of about 5 previous registries to select. Does XP have a way to do this? Like in its scannow ? The reason I ask is a question about some spyware that was staying in a system. Could spyware hide in the saved registries ? If it could I would think deleting these would be something necessary like disabling system restore.

richcornucopia :I have never sold anything on EBay but I have bought several items.I have bid on items that the seller just withdrew.Ebay took the complaint but I never saw that they stopped that person from selling.About all a seller has to do is say they found a flaw or that the item was damaged after they put it for sale so it was no longer what they represented,& withdrwa it.Maybe they still have to pay EBay so they really don't care.I even reported one seller that was selling a copyrighted poster as original when it was a reproduction & the seller hadn't paid to use the copyright.I even reported it to Winchester the company whose copyright was violated & nothing was ever done.The last time I checked this seller is still selling this poster.So much for EBay keeping an eye on sellers.They are much tougher on a buyer that doesn't complete the trade. I'm with tommie gorman go ahead with the auction & complete the sale.It's the honest thing to do even if you can get out of it.

I think Kaspersky either their anti virus or spyware program removes rootkits. Here is a link to another site that has software that is supposed to remove rootkits.I haven't tested it because it is for Windows2000 & up. http://www.f-secure.com/blacklight/cure.shtml

PeptoBloat ;your Windows DL speed is fairly accurate.To do the math. 8.81MB is 9021.44KB is 9237954.56 bytes is 73903636.48 bits 30 minutes 6 Seconds =1806 seconds 9021.44 divided by1806 =4.99 so Your speed for the DL would be 4.99kB/sec.

PeptoBloat: Heres a link to an online distance calculator. http://www.dslreports.com/prequal/distance The best way is to call your telephone company & ask. The 5.28kB/sec is 43kbps.Which is probably closer to your actual speed.You can actually time the DL yourself & divide to see if it matches. In other words the 326kB DL should have taken 61.75 sec to DL at 5.28kB/sec. Try a larger DL like 7 to 10 MB & let it DL completly.You don't have to keep it just DL it to your Temp file & delete it after the DL.I think on a large DL you will see the speed drop even slower.But this is a good indication of your actual DL speed .When the test results are too fast.

Could it be draining the power supply?

This is some information on using a ferrous core & I think they are also called a ferrite core.There are better & larger ones available than the RadioShack ones.With good sheilded cables probably not as necessary.This information is for dial-up but I think it would apply tp DSL Possibly even cable. Most line noise that has trouble has been input through the telephone lines Here are two possible corrective measures. Go to Radio Shack with $8.95 plus tax. Get a snap on choke, aka toroid. Cat. No. 273-104. It is a ferrous core that snaps apart and snaps toegether again. Snap it open. Wind your telephone cord around it up to seven times. Place it close to the modem. The plastic blister pack comes with two cores. If you need more suppression, use both. It is VERY simple. Even you can do it. There is no wiring at all. Just wrap your phone cord - be careful about the direction of winding and snap it together again. I doubt if this trap below is available. The second approach is one which has benefitted a member of this board. This involves a friendly Pac Tel repairman who came up with a "trap." To me, a "trap" is a notch filter. I have looked at it. It is a small plastic item about the size of a book of matches. It has two wires in and two wires out. It is placed in the phone junction box (where the phone line enters the house). It has three two pole switches on it. By setting the switches, it is possible to screen out noise in a particular frequency range. The member who benefitted from this has the computer/modem about two blocks from a cluster of 5 tall AM radio transmitting towers. Before the installation, it was absolutely impossible to use the modem until late at night when the station powered down. Now there is no noise during the day when the station is powered up. the following is diagram of what you've done and an explanation of why it really does help. - - - - - - - P1 + / / / / M1 | | ____/_/_/_/___________________| Input Phone _____________ | / circuitry Line _____________ |/ of ____ _ _ _ __________________ | modem / / / / ____| P2 + / / / / M2 | / | |/ Bifilar transformer ------------- The "+" signs are the polarity marks for the windings (the two wires of the phone line in this case); they identify which terminals of the transformer will, instantaneously, have the same polarity of induced voltage (EMF). The effect of the transformer is to reject common-mode signals while transmitting differential signals. The desired information is in the differential signal, and is thus not attenuated. Noise sources such as leakage or inductive coupling from nearby power lines and voltages induced by lightning strikes and the like often have a large part of their energy in the common-mode signal, which is rejected. The net effect is an improvement of signal-to-noise ratio, which is what you reported to us. A few words for those who may want to understand the language of the field a bit better for purposes of following up these ideas: The differential-mode signal is the difference in voltage between two points. It is VP1-VP2 at the phone line and VM1-VM2 at the modem input (where Vxy denotes the voltage at point xy). The common-mode signal is the mean voltage at two points. It is (VP1+VP2)/2 at the phone line and (VM1+VM2)/2 at the modem input. The action of the bifilar transformer is to enforce that (VP1-VM1), the voltage induced in the upper winding, is equal to (VP2-VM2), the voltage induced in the lower winding. The rejection of common-mode and the acceptance of differential-mode signals then follows as a direct consequence. Modems normally attempt to do their *own* job of rejecting common mode signals. Often, however, this is done by circuitry which either only partially accomplishes this, or which accomplishes it up to a certain value of common-mode voltage, after which the circuitry no longer effectively does its rejection job. Thus the bifilar transformer gives a hand in both cases.

Decade ;I would only use one firewall.Outpost will drive you a little crazy for the first couple of days but once you have allowed what you mostly use it settles down.If you like the Norton better or it uses less resources then use it.I would check with Dway & see what they say about their security & If they think you need a firewall.Then depending on how much you trust what they tell you .You could try running without a firewall.php might have more information you could PM him .With a good anti-virus & spyware you could probably get rid of anything that got in except a direct hacker.Unless you think someone wants your information that bad probably no one is trying to directly hack your PC.

PeptoBloat ;My answer is Dial-up can't cache the test at the main site .So thats the speed it detected.I think some of the accelerators ISP use could account for the test showing this speed.ROM_DOS is an exception we never could figure out the exact reason his speed on dial-up was so fast. As far as the official posisition from the phone companies & the FCC the best you can get is 53.3 Kbps.The main way to tell is your web surfing good .How do pages load fast or slow. Another way to test is find a DL somewhere thats not a test (Like 8MB software) & see what your Windows DL window says your speed is. Those are a couple of ways to see if the test is giving you an accurat result of your speed. I agree uploads with dial-up stink.

Decade ;I remembered after php brought it up the test doesn't work for Dway It does test their ports which need to be open.I would sill use a firewall just in case.But it might not be necessary with Dway.

rayray909 ; I expected the Kaspersky Anti Hacker 1.5 Firewall to test well.But my Outpost is a free firewall & had the same results.Kaspersky is the top of the line though. Decade ;I would surf & find all I could about the best way to completly remove the Norton.Some people seem to have troubl removing Norton .I haven't had a Noreton firewall so I can't say.But it probably is usually someone being in too much of a rush & not getting all the instructions to remove it the correct way. On Free firewalls the link I put in this topic for Outpost is free.It is a permanent trial version basically.If you upgrade then it costs. Sygate also has a free firewall.AVG is a free antivirus.But if you want the AVG- Sygate combination already togather then you have to buy it.

Hi Roco ;I'm not having any problems with Outpost so its tempting to leave things like they are.I have Windows ME & my problems with Sygate started after an update.It didn't want to give me the Sygate Main screen(control panel )>I tried to dl the old one but after that it had the same problem.I have reformatted since then & it might work.I put the URL in the link in a file of URL's I keep.So I will have it if I decide to try Sygate again.

Test the ports on your firewall at this site . https://www.grc.com/x/ne.dll?bh0bkyd2 If that doesn't work select Home from the site & then keep selecting the Sheilds Up test. The reason I put this in is when I selected the link to test it it had my address it may automatically have yours when you select it.If it doesnt the you need to go to home at the sit & back through. With Outpost mine shows complete stealth.I haven't tried Zone Alarm so I don't know if its good or bad. I used Sygate at one time but my OS didn't like it.It had some features I definately liked though like backtrace.& Its main screen traffic monitor is OK.

karthic ;I have an icon in my task bar for outpost right click it.select "Show Outpost Firewall" That should bring up your main screen for the firewall.Select the Options pulldown select Applications There should be 3 categories: Blocked Applications ,Partially Allowed Applications,& Trusted Applications.If IE is under Blocked Applications Highlight it & select remove.I'm not sure how to add it to Trusted from there.Reboot & try to connect to IE you should get an Allow this window.Allow all applications of this site or something like that select to allow it. I run mine under the rules wizard policy.

This is mine a little fast for me but I'm not complaining. :::.. Download Stats ..::: Connection is:: 59 Kbps about 0.1 Mbps (tested with 97 kB) Download Speed is:: 7 kB/s Tested From:: https://testmy.net Test Time:: Sat Feb 18 03:51:14 CST 2006 Bottom Line:: 1X faster than 56K 1MB download in 146.29 sec Diagnosis: May need help : running at only 8.53 % of your hosts average (nts-online.net) Validation Link:: https://testmy.net/stats/id-A1C73FY2D

karthic ;I just checked the links I posted & both worked for me no problem.

boywonder;You sure picked a cold weekend to visit Oklahoma.Since I live in the Texas Panhandle Oklahoma has some simular weather depending on the part of OK. It probably is a line problem if the SNR dropped There are a lot of causes for this.I'm posting a lot of info on it .Unfortunatly not a fix for it. An Introduction to Load Coils and Bridge Taps There seems to be some confusion as to what can be causing the new modems not to reach the Golden ring of 56K baud rates. I may be able to clear some of this up.It probably won't help fix the problem but at least we all point our finger at the same cause and effect. Load Coils Load coils (impedance matching transformers) are placed along the length of a long Telco POTs line that exceeds the 6000ft termination spec. The twisted pair of an analog line is a "balanced pair" interface with specific impedance terminations 600 or 900 ohms. The impedance loads are initially found in the "Line Card" at the telco switch and the telephone or modem. Impedance load is very different from loop resistance.Those terminations are engineered for the specific 600 or 900 ohm value to match the Amplitude and Frequency characteristics of the analog signal. The proper impedance termination is vital to absorb the maximum possible power on the line. If the impedance loads are not properly matched to the signal, they will only absorb part of of the signal and cause an improper signal transfer to the switches receiver circuitry. The problem starts to become evident when you wonder this - "If the energy of the signal is only partially absorbed, what happens to the stuff that's not absorbed?" All energy that is not absorbed by the termination load reflects back on to the copper pair and begins to interfere with the original signal. Because the reflected signal is usually out of phase from the original signal, this starts to cause "common mode rejection" or cancellation or loss of Amplitude at specific "standing wave" frequencies and their mathematical derivatives. The net effect of that is, the original signal begins to get crippled by its own reflection. The Evil Load Coils are placed in the circuit at specific intervals (varies depending on wire gauge and cable bundling variables) to reduce the effective capacitance of the extended copper loop and therefore provide a higher level of predictability across the copper segment. Remember, impedance matching, in theory, only works if you can predict the signal characteristics of the waveform being impeded. Anything that drastically alters the characteristics of the waveform will make the circuits termination less effective in absorbing the maximum signal. The argument is that, three discrete segments of 6,000 feet copper has less negative capacitive effects than a single copper segment that is perhaps 18,000 feet long. Therefore, in a long copper loop, Load coils are placed at strategic points to reduce the negative effects that capacitance will have on the signals characteristics. Capacitance is the enemy of high BAUDrate applications. Amplitude can be overcome with amplifiers, Capacitance is much harder to control cheaply. This load coil works wonderfully for voice, however; load coils, with their purpose to limit excess capacitance, also greatly limits the frequency spectrum available to the end devices. By the way, load coils also help restrict impulse noise or interference from one copper segment to adjacent copper segment. So in effect may reduce the additional noise characteristics from loop interference. Now back to the limit of frequencies. There are a few variables that affects this discovery either positive or negative. But in general, placing a load coil in a Telco voice line reduces the effective bandwidth by chopping off the top 25 percent of the available frequencies. If you are to take a tone generator to the lines you would see the highest quality signal at approximately 1,000 to 2,000 Hz. When the tone generator reached 2900 Hz there would be a significant "role off" of over 12dB per octave. This reduction explains why you can't use load coils in digital circuits. As a matter of reference if you examined a T1 signal with a scope it would look like a very phase distorted 772KHz analog signal. Certainly any facility that limited the bandwidth to 2900 Hz would seriously choke a signal running at 772KHz. The same holds true for ISDN BRI which has an effective signal rate of approximately 40KHz. So, it becomes obvious that load coils can cripple the high speed signal. Please note, that removing the load coils will only make the signal worse. Because of the nature and characteristics of how modems manipulate an analog signal, removing the load coils will just cause exponentially more distortion across the copper segment. If you want to remove the load coils you must completely re engineer the way the data signal is presented to the copper pair. Thats what they did with ISDN. I don't think anybody is really up for the challenge at this point. Bridge Taps These little bastards are perhaps the most annoying and offensive of all the anomalies found in a Telco copper segment. They are by far the number one problem you all have getting modems to connect and stay connected at high speeds. Unfortunately they are riddled throughout most residential neighborhoods and corporate business parks. W hen the phone company runs a cable down the street the cable may extend a mile or so passed your house. Although no other house or device is using your specific copper pair, the pair runs out the length of the cable. All an installer does is take the wires that come from your demarc, drag them out to a junction box or splice box on a poll or pedestal and "Tap" the wires coming from your house on to a spare copper pair that runs out the length of the cable. They do not cut the cable pair at the junction box just incase they have to use the same pair for one of your neighbors down the road when you move out. Also, in order not to drastically reduce the amplitude and of the signal coming from your telephone they do not to terminate the extended cable end either. That means there may be a one mile cable running from the central office out past your house and your telephone line is simply tapped into the middle of it. It's sort of like having an additional half-mile antenna picking up all the garbage in the airand feeding it to your telephone equipment. Assuming for a moment we can deal with the additional idle channel noise on the copper facility, which even the most unqualified lineman can test for, (but if you ask him what he's testing for he probably can't tell you), and tell you some story how your line is the quietest line on the street, the next hurdle beyond the noise is the reflected signal coming back off of the half-mile unterminated antenna they built just for you at no additional charge. When an electrical signal hits the end of a wire it has to go somewhere. If there is no impedance load to absorb the signal,then the signal in its entirety gets reflected back over the entire copper segment. The signal that comes from your modem headed for the central office arrives at a specific time interval and the reflected signal coming back off the unterminated copper extension comes then just behind yours causing your signal to appear phase distorted. When two out of phase signals are received at a certain impedance load of a cause a rejection affects and begin to cancel each other out. If the signals arrives 180 degrees out of phase your signal can be canceled out completely. The more the second reflected signal it is closer to 180 degrees the more the signal will be attenuated and phase distorted. At lower frequencies problem is not terribly dramatic as these reflections are only fractions of a waveform out of phase. But when you make the waveform's smaller as is the case with higher frequencies the problem becomes exponentially more apparent. Phase is much more an issue with smaller, shorter or higher frequency wave forms. In a nutshell, we are screwed. Even when you can get them to, a customers residence and have a line tested, they DO NOT test the frequency response of the line. They perform the following two tests.. The first test it is a 1,000 Hz tone coming from the central office switch and measured at the customers demark for attenuation. The 1,000 Hz tone is significant because it is smack in the middle of the voice frequency range (your vocal cords cannot really make sound above 3000 Hz). Assuming they have their test equipment Setup and terminated properly they can get a dB measurement of the 1,000 Hz tone and say that is in some specified range. Please note that there are no documented specified ranges for analog voice lines using this test setup. The results of this test are merely to identify the signal level coming in. I believe somewhere between -6dbm and -20dbm is acceptable but I'm not really sure. the second test they may perform it is terminating the line and doing a Cmsg noise test measuring the title channel noise on the facility with no signal provided. Ideally there are some specifications that identify how much of this noise is tolerable for a voice circuit but I'm sure the tester doesn't know where that acceptable threshold is. The tester might as well pickup of the telephone receiver and blow in to it to see if the line passes mustard.... The problem was this noise test is that putting a signal on the line generates additional noise and interference that the modems have to contend with all the time. This noise is not present when the line is just quietly terminated at each end. The test I would really like them to perform is a frequencies sweep between 300 and 4000 Hz and a Bridge tapped test to determine how out of phase my signal may look by the time it gets to the central office and whether it falls into specific characteristics too. If these tests are routinely performed on the TOLL grade facilities between telco central offices they should also be performed at the customers request on the drop side of the switched circuit. It time consuming, its out of the question. I've had the conversation with several Telco repair supervisors about lifting Bridge taps and performing signal-to-noise ratio tests. The conversation ends when they say "we do not guarantee data of above 2400 Baud". They are right too this isnot a conditioned data line and I have no recourse. Incidentally, this bridge tap problem became apparent right after 9600 baud modem's where replaced with 14.4k modems. The problem then got escalated with 28.8 and now begins to take on monstrous effects on the new super modems. It is an interesting argument, putting these modems on voice lines and pushing the envelope beyond their engineered usefulness. The real culprits in this equation is not the Telcos. It is the bastard scum bag modem manufacturers pulling the wool over the eyes of the consumer and expecting us to make it work and/or absorb all of the S#!t when it doesn't Telcos do not want you to use high speed modems on your voice lines anyway so you'll find a very limited support from that camp. Signal to Noise Ratio lower than 37 dB indicates a call with reduced quality. You need a SNR of at least 37 dB in order to sustain a 28.8 kB/s modem connection. You need a SNR of at least 38 or 39 dB to sustain a 33.6 kB/s connection. For you technical types, here are some of the phone line bandwidth, frequency response and related technical parameters expected by the new 56k modems: 3600 Hz of usable bandwidth between 150 - 3750 Hz with -Less than 10 dB rolloff at the low end between 150 and 300 Hz -Less than 24 dB rolloff at the high end between 3450 and 3750 Hz -Better than -50 dB receive level at 3750 Hz -No load coils -No bridge taps -No wire gauge changes -Less than 43 dB attenuation end-to-end -Maximum of one (1) digital-to-analog transition Any telephone company engineer will tell you these are some really extraordinary parameters to expect from the average subscriber's phone line. The POTS line consists of two wires called tip and ring. These two wires provide DC current to power the telephone electronics, AC current to ring the telephone bell or electronic ringer, and a full duplex balanced voice path. This is a closed loop, balanced system not referenced to earth ground. The POTS phone line, with all phones on-hook, should measure around 48 volts DC. Taking a phone off-hook creates a DC signal path across the pair, which is detected as loop current back at the central office. This drops the voltage measured at the phone down to about 3 to 9 volts. An off-hook telephone typically draws about 15 to 20 milliamps of DC current to operate, at a DC resistance around 180 ohms. The remaining voltage drop occurs over the copper wire path and over the telephone company circuits. These circuits provide from 200 to 400 ohms of series resistance to protect from short circuits and decouple the audio signals. POTS Line Characteristics: Bandwidth: 180 Hz to 3.2 KHz The low end is rolled off early to stay away from the 60 Hz region. Also, telecom isolation and hybrid transformers would be much more bulky, (and expensive) if they had to carry signals down to 20 Hz. The high end cut off is more critical. Voice on the telephone network is digitized at 8 KHz sampling rate which means that any signal above 4 KHz will be aliased back as noise in the voice band. Most voice CODECs roll off at about -25dB at 4 KHz with a -3dB down point around 3.2 KHz. The phone company decided years ago that the 180 Hz to 3.2 KHz range would be sufficient for speech intelligibility while allowing them to multiplex many calls over coax and twisted pair. Signal to Noise: Approximately 45 dB This is not as easy to quantify because noise comes in many forms, such as electrical interference from fluorescent fixtures or hiss from the many amplifier stages in the voice path. Speech correlated noise can be introduced from non-linear speech coding and compression algorithms. Crosstalk from other conversations is another form of noise. The phone company uses 8 bit mulaw nonlinear coding which yields about 12 bits of dynamic range. The bottom line is that you can never count on more than about 45 dB signal to noise ratio. Signal Levels: -9 dBm average speech across tip/ring. Speech peaks out to +4 dBm can be measured at the phone, but anything over 0dBm at the central office will be clipped. The FCC requires that all telephone audio interconnect equipment limit speech to -9dBm, averaged over 3 seconds. Consult FCC Part 68 requirements for all the details. Resistance reduces the current so increases the loss. Capacitance effectivly short circuits the line more as frequencies increase so increasing loss. Inductance resists current flow more as frequencies get higher thus increasing the loss. Everything that carries electricity has what is known as "Resistance". This is measured in "Ohms" and resistance impedes the flow of current in a conductor. Because your connection is two wires twisted together it also has some "Capacitance" between the wires. A capacitor is an electrical component and there is more current passed through it as the frequency gets higher. also your pair of wires has yet another characteristic called "Inductance" and inductance allows less current to flow through it as the frequency gets higher.